updated to illustrate the most recent approaches in film theory, including semiotic and structuralist imperatives, Marxist historical and Freudian psychoanalytic analysis, and feminist and deconstructionist views, and each section has been revised to show the impact of new thinking on matters such as film language, the film medium, and the film artist. More than half of the contents are new, providing a broad survey of thinking about film over the past eight decades. A comprehensive text for students of film, it is also an invaluable resource for courses in semiotics and modern culture and media.